The most basic wiring design method is the simplest and most common design method extracted from countless wiring engineering designs.

1. Basic requirements for wiring design
There are many methods of wiring design, but they all need to meet some of the most basic requirements. For example:
There is an overall configuration list and quotation to provide a basis for business personnel to negotiate contracts with Party A.
The configuration list of each building / floor / distribution frame is provided, so that the inspectors can confirm the correctness of the design, facilitate the design disclosure, and guide the construction personnel to construct according to the design.
It is convenient for adjustment. When the purchase price of materials, Party A's idea or the situation of the construction site change, it can easily adjust the configuration and quotation.
Try to use products of the same manufacturer (or products that have been announced to match connectors and cables) to avoid the possibility of a few test failures due to signal compensation.
Fully consider the practical problems and construction technology that may occur in the project to realize the design serving the construction.
All documents and forms shall be kept in a unified structure so that the design and construction management personnel at all levels can understand the structure of the form and avoid deviation in understanding.
Use the most commonly used software to exchange configuration data between design and construction management personnel.
notes

Due to space reasons, this paper only describes the key points of the design, and does not introduce the whole design process in detail.

2. Application of structured design theory to simplify the design of cabling system
The so-called structured design method is to decompose a project into several sub projects. When looking at each sub project from the perspective of the project, we only care about its interface rather than its internal structure, which simplifies the overall structure of the project. Similarly, for each sub project, this method can also be used to further subdivide until the whole design is completed.
According to the design standards of generic cabling system (GB / T 50311, ISO / IEC 11801, etc.), the links of generic cabling system are divided into three types: horizontal link, vertical backbone link and building group backbone link. Therefore, the cabling system can be decomposed into the following three large black boxes (arranged from top to bottom):
Building group trunk line subsystem
Riser Backbone Subsystem
Horizontal wiring subsystem
The panel, jumper manager, cabinet and other auxiliary materials can be interspersed in each black box. For example, the panel can be completed in the horizontal wiring subsystem, and the cabinet can be completed in the vertical trunk subsystem and the building group trunk subsystem.
Then, according to the structured design theory, what is the interface of each subsystem? It is a jumper, which forms the connection between subsystems. According to the design standard of generic cabling system, the jumper between the two subsystems is an element belonging to the subsystem of the next layer (for example, the voice jumper between the horizontal distribution subsystem and the vertical trunk subsystem belongs to the horizontal distribution subsystem).

In this way, the design of wiring system can be divided into four parts:

(1) . horizontal wiring subsystem
In the most common horizontal distribution subsystem, the design is simplified into the following two categories:
Copper link: number of modules (located in the work area), length of horizontal twisted pair, number of modules (located in the distribution frame), number of distribution frames, number of voice jumpers (duckbill tongue jumpers or red and white jumpers, rj11-rj45 jumpers) and number of data jumpers (rj45-rj5 jumpers).
Optical cable link: number of optical fiber adapters (or optical fiber couplers, located in the work area), length of horizontal optical cable, number of optical fiber couplers (or optical fiber adapters, located in the distribution frame), number of distribution frames, number of optical fiber jumpers.
It can be seen that the design is simplified to perform the following basic addition, subtraction, multiplication and division operations for each horizontal wiring subsystem (such as layer 1, layer 2, layer 3, etc.):
Count the number of modules and various panels from the drawings;
Calculate the average length of each horizontal cable;
Make a division to find the number of distribution frames matched with the module (or coupler);
The module is classified as voice and data purpose, and is equipped with voice jumper and data jumper respectively (both jumpers for distribution frame).
Finally, the number of components in each horizontal wiring subsystem is added to complete the design of the horizontal wiring subsystem in the whole wiring system.

(2) . vertical trunk subsystem
The same method can also be used for the vertical trunk subsystem:
Large logarithm copper cable link: number of distribution frames (located in floor distribution frame FD), total number and length of large logarithm cables, number of distribution frames (located in building distribution frame BD), number of voice jumpers (red and white jumpers).
Optical cable link: the number of optical fiber couplers (or optical fiber adapters, located in the floor distribution frame FD), the total number and length of backbone optical cables, the number of optical fiber couplers (or optical fiber adapters, located in the building distribution frame BD), and the number of optical fiber jumpers. In this way, the design is simplified to perform the following basic addition, subtraction, multiplication and division operations for each vertical trunk subsystem:
Calculate the total number of large pairs of cables and the total number of cores of optical cables required by the distribution frame on each floor;
Calculate the average length of various trunk cables according to the relative position between floor distribution room (FD) and building distribution room (BD);
Calculate the number of distribution frames used at both ends according to the total number of cores of large logarithm cables;
Calculate the number of distribution frames used at both ends according to the total number of cores of the optical cable;
According to the analysis of the number of optical fiber modules contained in the network equipment, corresponding data jumpers shall be equipped (optical fiber jumpers shall be calculated at both ends).
Finally, by adding the number of components in each vertical dry horizontal wiring subsystem, the design of the vertical trunk subsystem in the whole wiring system is completed.

(3) . building group trunk line subsystem
With the same calculation method as the vertical trunk subsystem, the calculation of the trunk subsystem of the building complex can be completed, but in most cases, the cables should be outdoor cables.
If the bidding requires the entrance distribution frame to be built at the cable outlet of each building, a group of distribution frames shall be added to the entrance distribution frame to convert the outdoor cables into indoor cables. This can achieve the function of lightning protection and maximize the indoor cables and outdoor cables.
Before the design is basically completed, the quantity design of two auxiliary materials shall also be completed:
Jumper Manager: in the building group distribution frame (CD), building distribution frame (BD) and floor distribution frame (FD), each rack type distribution frame (RJ45 distribution frame, optical fiber distribution frame, 110 distribution frame, Krone distribution frame, etc.) A corresponding number of jumper managers shall be provided. The simplest and most practical calculation method is to provide a 1U high jumper manager for each rack distribution frame.
Cabinet: the number of cabinets shall be calculated in building group distribution frame (CD), building distribution frame (BD) and floor distribution frame (FD). There are many methods for calculating the number of cabinets, and the following methods are recommended:
Voice and data are completely interchangeable: voice cabinet and data cabinet are not separated, and information points in the same work area are concentrated in the same cabinet;
Integration of network equipment and distribution frame: that is, network equipment and distribution frame are installed in the same cabinet layer by layer, which has the advantage of shortening the length of jumper and facilitating zoning management;
The backbone optical fiber distribution frame can be installed in any of several side-by-side cabinets, but it shall be close to the network equipment containing optical fiber modules;
The trunk voice distribution frame can be far away from the network equipment to shorten the jumper length;
When the above objectives are achieved, 1 / 3 of the space is usually reserved for network equipment, that is, the allocation ratio of network equipment, data information points and voice information points is 1:1:1.